Fungi


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Fungi

Fungi are multicellular organisms whose mode of nutrition is saprotrophic. In other words, they absorb nutrients from dead plant and animal matter, excreta, etc. They release digestive enzymes into dead and decaying organic matter, and then absorb the nutrients present in them in the form of a digested solution. Chitin is present in cell wall of fungi.

Habitat of Fungi:

Some fungi are parasitic and some even cause diseases. Ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus, while smut is a fungal crop disease. Some fungi, are mutualistic or symbiotic. They absorb nutrients from their partners and help them too, e.g., certain fungi associated with algae.

There are many types of fungi.

  • Moulds, which grow on bread, fruit, etc., and mildews which cause plant diseases, are fungi.
  • Yeast and Penicillium (from which we get penicillin) are useful fungi.
  • Mushrooms too are fungi.
  • Many fungi form a network of tubes which are called hyphae. The network is called mycelium.
  • Fungi reproduce sexually and asexually. Moulds reproduce by both these modes. Yeasts mostly reproduce asexually, though some reproduce sexually too. In mushrooms, sexual reproduction occurs by the formation of spores on club-shaped structures called basidia.

                                         

     

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    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Agaricus is a fungi. It reproduces by producing ______________ .

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 2

    The reserve food in fungi cells is ___________________

    Right Option : D
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    Question : 3

    Aspergillus belongs to the kingdom of _____________

    Right Option : B
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